在橡膠、塑料等材料的混煉加工領域,密煉機發揮著關鍵作用。隨著技術的不斷進步,雙轉子連續式密煉機逐漸嶄露頭角,與傳統密煉機形成鮮明對比,二者在結構設計、工作原理、性能特點等方面存在諸多差異。
性能(neng)特點上(shang),傳(chuan)(chuan)統密(mi)煉(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是間(jian)隙性生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)設備,每批(pi)次生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)需(xu)要經(jing)歷加料、混煉(lian)、卸料等(deng)環節,這導致生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)周期相(xiang)對較長,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)受到(dao)一(yi)定限(xian)制。并且在(zai)人工投料過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),容易出現物料散落、投料時(shi)間(jian)不穩(wen)定等(deng)問題,影響膠料配(pei)(pei)方準確性和混煉(lian)工藝規程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)執行(xing),進而(er)造(zao)成混煉(lian)膠質(zhi)量(liang)波動。而(er)雙轉子(zi)連(lian)續式密(mi)煉(lian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)具有連(lian)續生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)顯著優勢,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)需(xu)停機(ji)(ji)(ji)換料,能(neng)大幅提(ti)高生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv),縮(suo)短(duan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)周期。由于連(lian)續生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),它能(neng)更好地控(kong)制生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)溫(wen)度、時(shi)間(jian)、壓力、物料比例等(deng)參數,保證產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)穩(wen)定性。此(ci)外,雙轉子(zi)緊密(mi)結合使得熱(re)量(liang)能(neng)在(zai)轉子(zi)間(jian)充分(fen)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞(di)利(li)用,提(ti)高了熱(re)能(neng)利(li)用率(lv)(lv),降(jiang)低了生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成本。同時(shi),通(tong)過(guo)配(pei)(pei)置全(quan)自(zi)動失重式計(ji)量(liang)喂料系統和先進的(de)(de) PCC 集中(zhong)控(kong)制,減少了人為因素對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)干擾,實現自(zi)動化、高效(xiao)安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
工(gong)作原(yuan)理方(fang)(fang)面,傳統密煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作時(shi),兩轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子相(xiang)對回轉(zhuan)(zhuan),物(wu)料(liao)從加料(liao)口進入(ru)后被夾(jia)住(zhu)帶入(ru)輥(gun)縫(feng)(feng),受到轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子的(de)擠(ji)壓和(he)剪切,穿(chuan)過(guo)輥(gun)縫(feng)(feng)后被下頂栓尖(jian)棱(leng)(leng)分(fen)成(cheng)兩部分(fen),再沿室(shi)壁與(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子間縫(feng)(feng)隙(xi)回到輥(gun)隙(xi)上方(fang)(fang)。在(zai)繞轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子流動過(guo)程中(zhong),物(wu)料(liao)不(bu)斷受到剪切和(he)摩擦,溫度急劇(ju)上升,粘度降(jiang)低(di),配合(he)劑團塊(kuai)在(zai)這(zhe)一過(guo)程中(zhong)被剪切破(po)碎并(bing)分(fen)散均(jun)勻。相(xiang)比之下,雙轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子連(lian)續式密煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作時(shi),各種高分(fen)子材料(liao)通過(guo)定量加料(liao)機(ji)(ji)加入(ru),被轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子喂(wei)料(liao)段(duan)螺紋(wen)送到混(hun)(hun)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan)。在(zai)混(hun)(hun)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan),物(wu)料(liao)受到來自不(bu)同螺棱(leng)(leng)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)相(xiang)反的(de)推力(li)作用,隨著新物(wu)料(liao)持續加入(ru),已混(hun)(hun)合(he)好的(de)物(wu)料(liao)被迫移向(xiang)(xiang)卸料(liao)段(duan)并(bing)排(pai)出。物(wu)料(liao)在(zai)雙轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子連(lian)續式密煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)混(hun)(hun)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)段(duan),流動速度和(he)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)頻繁變化,這(zhe)很(hen)大(da)地促進了物(wu)料(liao)的(de)分(fen)散混(hun)(hun)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)和(he)低(di)熔點揮發物(wu)的(de)排(pai)除。
從結構(gou)設(she)計來看,傳(chuan)統(tong)密煉(lian)機一般由密煉(lian)室(shi)、兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)相對回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)、上(shang)頂栓(shuan)、下頂栓(shuan)等(deng)構(gou)成。其轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面有螺(luo)旋狀突(tu)棱(leng)(leng),突(tu)棱(leng)(leng)數目多樣,轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)斷面幾(ji)何形(xing)(xing)狀常見三(san)角形(xing)(xing)、圓(yuan)筒形(xing)(xing)或(huo)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),有切(qie)向式和(he)嚙合式兩(liang)(liang)類(lei)。而(er)雙轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)連(lian)續式密煉(lian)機主(zhu)要由料(liao)筒、雙轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)以及卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)裝(zhuang)置等(deng)組成。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)結構(gou)依據(ju)功能劃分為(wei)加料(liao)段(duan)(duan)、混煉(lian)段(duan)(duan)和(he)出料(liao)段(duan)(duan)。加料(liao)段(duan)(duan)類(lei)似非(fei)嚙合的(de)(de)(de)雙螺(luo)桿,表(biao)面由矩形(xing)(xing)螺(luo)紋(wen)組成,負(fu)責將(jiang)物料(liao)輸送至混煉(lian)段(duan)(duan);混煉(lian)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)表(biao)面有兩(liang)(liang)對旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)方向相對、角度各異的(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)棱(leng)(leng);卸(xie)(xie)料(liao)段(duan)(duan)呈橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing) 。這種結構(gou)設(she)計上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同,為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)者工作(zuo)原理和(he)性能的(de)(de)(de)差異奠定了基礎(chu)。
雙轉子連續式(shi)密(mi)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)與傳統密(mi)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)在多個方面存在明顯區別。隨著(zhu)工業生產對高效、高質量、低(di)能耗需(xu)(xu)求的(de)不斷增長,雙轉子連續式(shi)密(mi)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)憑借其(qi)獨特優勢,在未來的(de)材料混煉(lian)(lian)(lian)加工領域有望得到更廣泛(fan)的(de)應用(yong),推動行業不斷向前發展。然而,傳統密(mi)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji)也并非(fei)毫無用(yong)武之地,在一(yi)些特定場景(jing)和對產品要求不那么嚴苛的(de)生產中(zhong),仍可能發揮(hui)一(yi)定作用(yong) 。如何(he)根據(ju)實際(ji)生產需(xu)(xu)求,合理選擇和運用(yong)這兩種密(mi)煉(lian)(lian)(lian)機(ji)(ji),是相關企(qi)業需(xu)(xu)要深入思考的(de)問題。